Phonemic awareness

What is 'phonemic awareness'?

Phonemic awareness is the ability to hear, identify and substitute (swap, delete or add) the smallest units of sound in a spoken word.

Why it matters

Phonemic awareness helps children understand that words are made up of individual sounds (phonemes) and that these sounds are represented by letters. This foundational skill enables children to decode (read) and encode (spell) words, making it easier to sound out unfamiliar words and spell them correctly. Phonemic awareness also supports fluency in reading, as children become more confident in recognising and blending sounds quickly. 

Activities using Cami's Reading
Adventure Card Set

Start with the beginner set and move on to the extension set once mastered. Practise stretching out the word to hear each sound. Choose a sound and swap it with another sound. What’s the new word.
Repeat the above. Choose a sound to remove. Say the word without this sound. What’s the new word?
Repeat the above. Add a sound. Say the word with the new sound added. What’s the new word?
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Teaching tips

  • Phonemic awareness activities are oral.
  • Use visual supports such as counters. Tap a counter each time you say a new sound when orally stretching the word.